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HERO ID
1519327
Reference Type
Journal Article
Subtype
Review
Title
Nitric oxide (NO) in alleviation of heavy metal induced phytotoxicity and its role in protein nitration
Author(s)
Saxena, I; Shekhawat, GS
Year
2013
Is Peer Reviewed?
1
Journal
Nitric Oxide
ISSN:
1089-8603
EISSN:
1089-8611
Publisher
Elsevier
Volume
32
Issue
Elsevier
Page Numbers
13-20
Language
English
PMID
23545403
DOI
10.1016/j.niox.2013.03.004
Web of Science Id
WOS:000320418800002
URL
https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S108986031300102X
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Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is recognized as a biological messenger in various tissues to regulate diverse range of physiological process including growth, development and response to abiotic and biotic factors. The NO emission from plants is known since the 1970s, and there is copious information on the multiple effects of exogenously applied NO on different physiological and biochemical processes of plants. Heavy metal toxicity is one of the major abiotic stresses leading to hazardous effects in plants and its toxicity is based on chemical and physical property. A common consequence of heavy metal toxicity is the uncontrolled and excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which leads to peroxidation of lipids, oxidation of protein, inactivation of enzymes, DNA damage and/or interact with other vital constituents of plant cells. Recently, an increasing number of articles have reported the effects of exogenous NO on alleviating heavy metal toxicity in plants but knowledge of physiological mechanisms of NO in alleviating heavy metal toxicity is quite limited, and some results contradict one another. Therefore, to help clarify the roles of NO in heavy metal tolerance, it is important to review and discuss the recent advances on this area of research. NO can provoke both beneficial and harmful effects, which depend on the concentration and location of NO in the plant cells. NO alleviates the harmfulness of the ROS, and reacts with other target molecules, and regulates the expression of stress responsive genes under various stress conditions. This manuscript includes, the latest advances in understanding the effects of endogenous NO on heavy metal toxicity and the mechanisms and role of NO as an antioxidant as well as in protein nitration are highlighted.
Keywords
Nitric oxide; Heavy metal toxicity; Reactive oxygen species; Antioxidant; Protein nitration
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