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2304794 
Journal Article 
Negative Confounding in the Evaluation of Toxicity: The Case of Methylmercury in Fish and Seafood (vol 38, pg 877, 2008) 
Choi, AL; Cordier, S; Grandjean, P 
2009 
Yes 
Critical Reviews in Toxicology
ISSN: 1040-8444
EISSN: 1547-6898 
39 
1 
95-95 
WOS:000261937400003 
In observational studies, the presence of confounding can distort the true association between an exposure and a toxic-effect outcome, if the confounding variable is not controlled for in the study design or analysis phase. While confounding is often assumed to occur in the same direction as the toxicant exposure, the relationship between the benefits and risks associated with fish and seafood consumption is a classic example of negative confounding: the exposure to methylmercury occurs with fish and seafood, which are also associated with beneficial nutrients, thereby counteracting the signs of mercury toxicity. 
IRIS
• Methylmercury
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