US EPA

3788897 

Journal Article 

Review 

Selenium neurotoxicity in humans: Bridging laboratory and epidemiologic studies 

Vinceti, M; Mandrioli, J; Borella, P; Michalke, B; Tsatsakis, A; Finkelstein, Y 

2014 

1 

Toxicology Letters
ISSN: 0378-4274
EISSN: 1879-3169 

230 

2 

295-303 

English 

24269718 

10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.11.016 

WOS:000341881000022 

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378427413014227
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Abstract um is a metalloid of considerable interest in the human from both a toxicological and a nutritional perspective, with a very narrow safe range of intake. Acute selenium intoxication is followed by adverse effects on the nervous system with special clinical relevance, while the neurotoxicity of long-term overexposure is less characterized and recognized. We aimed to address this issue from a public health perspective, focusing on both laboratory studies and the few epidemiologic human studies available, with emphasis on their methodological strengths and limitations. The frequently overlooked differences in toxicity and biological activity of selenium compounds are also outlined. In addition to lethargy, dizziness, motor weakness and paresthesias, an excess risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is the effect on the nervous system which has been more consistently associated with chronic low-level selenium overexposure, particularly to its inorganic compounds. Additional research efforts are needed to better elucidate the neurotoxic effects exerted by selenium overexposure. 

Selenium; Neurotoxicity syndromes; Nervous system diseases; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Epidemiologic studies; Risk assessment