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4154627 
Journal Article 
Redox reactions and weak buffering capacity lead to acidification in the Chesapeake Bay 
Cai, WJ; Huang, WJ; Luther, GW; Pierrot, D; Li, M; Testa, J; Xue, M; Joesoef, A; Mann, R; Brodeur, J; Xu, YY; Chen, B; Hussain, N; Waldbusser, GG; Cornwell, J; Kemp, WM 
2017 
Nature Communications
EISSN: 2041-1723 
Article #369 
English 
is supplemented by 4154628 : Supplementary materials
The combined effects of anthropogenic and biological CO2 inputs may lead to more rapid acidification in coastal waters compared to the open ocean. It is less clear, however, how redox reactions would contribute to acidification. Here we report estuarine acidification dynamics based on oxygen, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), pH, dissolved inorganic carbon and total alkalinity data from the Chesapeake Bay, where anthropogenic nutrient inputs have led to eutrophication, hypoxia and anoxia, and low pH. We show that a pH minimum occurs in mid-depths where acids are generated as a result of H2S oxidation in waters mixed upward from the anoxic depths. Our analyses also suggest a large synergistic effect from river-ocean mixing, global and local atmospheric CO2 uptake, and CO2 and acid production from respiration and other redox reactions. Together they lead to a poor acid buffering capacity, severe acidification and increased carbonate mineral dissolution in the USA's largest estuary. 
NAAQS
• ISA NOxSOxPM Ecology (2018)
     Cited in the Second Draft
          Appendix 7
          Appendix 10
• ISA NOxSOxPM Ecology (2020- Final Project Page)
     Cited
          Appendix 7
          Appendix 10