Jump to main content
US EPA
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Search
Search
Main menu
Environmental Topics
Laws & Regulations
About EPA
Health & Environmental Research Online (HERO)
Contact Us
Print
Feedback
Export to File
Search:
This record has one attached file:
Add More Files
Attach File(s):
Display Name for File*:
Save
Citation
Tags
HERO ID
4300409
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
bHLH transcription factors that facilitate K⁺ uptake during stomatal opening are repressed by abscisic acid through phosphorylation
Author(s)
Takahashi, Y; Ebisu, Y; Kinoshita, T; Doi, M; Okuma, E; Murata, Y; Shimazaki, K
Year
2013
Is Peer Reviewed?
1
Journal
Science Signaling
ISSN:
1945-0877
EISSN:
1937-9145
Volume
6
Issue
280
Page Numbers
ra48
Language
English
PMID
23779086
DOI
10.1126/scisignal.2003760
Web of Science Id
WOS:000320507500001
Abstract
Stomata open in response to light and close after exposure to abscisic acid (ABA). They regulate gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere, enabling plants to adapt to changing environmental conditions. ABA binding to receptors initiates a signaling cascade that involves protein phosphorylation. We show that ABA induced the phosphorylation of three basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors, called AKSs (ABA-responsive kinase substrates; AKS1, AKS2, and AKS3), in Arabidopsis guard cells. In their unphosphorylated state, AKSs facilitated stomatal opening through the transcription of genes encoding inwardly rectifying K⁺ channels. aks1aks2-1 double mutant plants showed decreases in light-induced stomatal opening, K⁺ accumulation in response to light, activity of inwardly rectifying K⁺ channels, and transcription of genes encoding major inwardly rectifying K⁺ channels without affecting ABA-mediated stomatal closure. Overexpression of potassium channel in Arabidopsis thaliana 1 (KAT1), which encodes a major inwardly rectifying K⁺ channel in guard cells, rescued the phenotype of aks1aks2-1 plants. AKS1 bound directly to the promoter of KAT1, an interaction that was attenuated after ABA-induced phosphorylation. The ABA agonist pyrabactin induced phosphorylation of AKSs. Our results demonstrate that the AKS family of bHLH transcription factors facilitates stomatal opening through the transcription of genes encoding inwardly rectifying K⁺ channels and that ABA suppresses the activity of these channels by triggering the phosphorylation of AKS family transcription factors.
Tags
NAAQS
•
ISA-Ozone (2020 Final Project Page)
Literature Search Results
Literature Search - Included
Citation Mapping
Ecology
Title-Abstract Screening (SWIFT-AS) - Excluded
Manually Excluded
Home
Learn about HERO
Using HERO
Search HERO
Projects in HERO
Risk Assessment
Transparency & Integrity