US EPA

487821 

Journal Article 

Source apportionment of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at a rural Ohio River Valley site 

Kim, M; Deshpande, SR; Crist, KC 

2007 

1 

Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 1352-2310
EISSN: 1873-2844 

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD 

OXFORD 

41 

39 

9231-9243 

10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.07.061 

WOS:000252260400032 

Twenty four-hour averaged concentrations of fine particulate matter were collected at Athens, OH between March 2004 and November 2005 in an effort to characterize the nature of PM2.5 and apportion its sources. PM2.5 samples were chemically analyzed and positive matrix factorization was applied to this speciation data to identify the probable sources. PMF arrived at a 7-factor model to most accurately apportion sources of the PM2.5 observed at Athens. Conditional probability function (CPF) and potential source contribution function (PSCF) were applied to the identified sources to investigate the geographical location of these sources. Secondary sulfate source dominated the contributions with a total contribution of 62.6% with the primary and secondary organic source following second with 19.9%. Secondary nitrate contributed a total of 6.5% with the steel production source and Pb- and Zn-source coming in at 3.1% and 2.9%, respectively. Crustal and mobile sources were small contributors (2.5% each) of PM2.5 to the Athens region. The secondary sulfate, secondary organic and nitrate portrayed a clear seasonal nature with the sulfate and secondary organic peaking in the warm months and the nitrate reaching a high in the cold months. The high percentage of secondary sulfate observed at a rural site like Athens suggests the involvement of regional transport mechanisms. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

source apportionment; PM2.5; PMF; PSCF; CPF; Ohio River Valley