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5018053 
Journal Article 
Quantification of the composition of liquid hydrocarbon streams: Comparing the GC-VUV to DHA and GCxGC 
Dunkle, MN; Pijcke, P; Winniford, B; Bellos, G 
2019 
Yes 
Journal of Chromatography A
ISSN: 0021-9673
EISSN: 1873-3778 
1587 
239-246 
English 
Hydrocarbons analysis is important in the oil and gas industry, as stream composition has a strong impact on plant operations. The composition of hydrocarbon streams vary across a plant, which makes the selection of analytical methods challenging. Traditional methods for the evaluation of liquid hydrocarbon streams include the Detailed Hydrocarbon Analysis (DHA); however, non-traditional methods, such as comprehensive gas chromatography (GCxGC), are also utilized in the chemical industry, including Dow. This work details a comparison of analytical techniques available for such analyses, specifically, DHA and GCxGC compared to the recently introduced GC-Vacuum Ultra Violet (GC-VUV) system. Numerous liquid hydrocarbon streams were blended together to generate a composite and extensive matrix in terms of composition. Paraffin, isoparaffin, olefin, naphthene, and aromatic (PIONA) results are presented for the three techniques. All of those methods obtained relative standard deviations lower than 1.3% for five injections a day for three days. Standard addition curves were utilized to accurately quantify specific compounds in a liquid hydrocarbon stream, and these results were compared to the GC-VUV PIONA+ and DHA quantification procedures. 
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• Naphthalene (2021 Evidence mapping publication)
     Database Searches
          PubMed
     Combined data set
          Data set for title/abstract screening
               Excluded – PECO criteria not met
     Feb 2019 Update
          PubMed