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Citation
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HERO ID
5018073
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Spatiotemporal variation of atmospheric nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in semi-arid and petrochemical industrialized Lanzhou City, Northwest China
Author(s)
Liu, P; Ju, Y; Li, Y; Wang, Z; Mao, X; Cao, H; Jia, C; Huang, T; Gao, H; Ma, J
Year
2019
Is Peer Reviewed?
Yes
Journal
Environmental Science and Pollution Research
ISSN:
0944-1344
EISSN:
1614-7499
Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
Location
HEIDELBERG
Volume
26
Issue
2
Page Numbers
1857-1870
Language
English
PMID
30460645
DOI
10.1007/s11356-018-3633-3
Web of Science Id
WOS:000455814700075
URL
http://
://WOS:000455814700075
Exit
Abstract
Polyurethane foam-based passive air sampler (PUF-PAS) and passive dry deposition sampler (PAS-DD) were adopted, for the first time ever in China, to investigate the atmospheric levels and spatial-temporal distributions of air burdens and dry deposition fluxes of 12 nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) during winter and summer seasons in a multiple site field campaign in a petrochemical industrialized capital city in Northwest China. The results showed that the highest air concentration and dry deposition fluxes of ∑12NPAHs occurred at a heavy traffic site among 18 sampling sites in both winter and summer season. The lowest air concentration and dry deposition fluxes were observed at the background site. The mean concentrations of ∑12NPAHs in the ambient air were 8.6 ± 8.1 ng m-3 in winter and 15 ± 11 ng m-3 in summer. The mean dry deposition fluxes of ∑12NPAHs were 1.8 × 103 ± 1.9 × 103 ng (m2 day)-1 in winter and 1.4 × 103 ± 1.3 × 103 ng (m2 day)-1 in summer, respectively. The total concentration of 12 NPAHs was mainly dominated by 1-nitro-naphthalene (1N-NAP) and 2-nitro-naphthalene(2N-NAP) in air, accounting for 32% in winter and 45% in summer of ∑12NPAHs. 7-Nitro-benzo [a] anthracene (7N-BaA) made the largest contribution to dry deposition fluxes of ∑12NPAHs, accounting for 28% in winter and 24% in summer. The ratios of ∑12NPAHs/∑15pPAHs (parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) were calculated to identify potential sources of NPAHs across the city. The results revealed that the main atmospheric air concentration and dry deposition fluxes of 12 NPAHs could be attributed to the primary emissions in winter and the secondary reaction formation in summer. The sources of primary emissions could be traced back to petrochemical, steel mills, as well as aluminum industries in winter and vehicle exhaust in summer. Higher ∑12NPAH/∑15pPAH concentration ratios in summer indicated that the oxidation of pPAHs contributed to the secondary formation of NPAHs via atmospheric chemical reactions in this petrochemical industrialized mountain-valley city.
Keywords
article; aluminum; anthracenes; dry deposition; emissions; industry; oxidation; polyurethanes; spatial variation; temporal variation; traffic
Tags
IRIS
•
Naphthalene
Database Searches
PubMed
Combined data set
Data set for title/abstract screening
Excluded - PECO criteria not met (TIAB)
Feb 2019 Update
PubMed
•
Nitrate/Nitrite
LitSearch Update 2018/1/1 - 2022/8/17
PubMed
Other
•
Naphthalene (2021 Evidence mapping publication)
Database Searches
PubMed
Combined data set
Data set for title/abstract screening
Excluded – PECO criteria not met
Feb 2019 Update
PubMed
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