US EPA

1104641 

Journal Article 

In vitro anti-influenza virus activity of a cardiotonic glycoside from Adenium obesum (Forssk.) 

Kiyohara, H; Ichino, C; Kawamura, Y; Nagai, T; Sato, N; Yamada, H; Salama, MM; Abdel-Sattar, E 

2012 

1 

Phytomedicine
ISSN: 0944-7113
EISSN: 1618-095X 

19 

2 

111-114 

English 

21899996 

10.1016/j.phymed.2011.07.004 

Methanolic extracts of six Saudi plants were screened for their in vitro antiviral activity using influenza virus A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) and MDCK cells in an MTT assay. The results indicated that the extracts of Adeniumobesum and Tephorosianubica possessed antiviral activity (99.3 and 93.3% inhibition at the concentration of 10 μg/ml, respectively). Based on these results A. obesum was selected for further study by applying bioactivity-guided fractionation to isolate its antiviral principle. The antiviral principle was isolated from the chloroform fraction through solvent fractionation, combined open liquid chromatography and HPLC. The isolated active compound A was identified as oleandrigenin-β-D-glucosyl (1→4)-β-D-digitalose, on the basis of its spectral analysis (MS, 1D and 2D NMR). The isolated glycoside showed reduction of virus titre by 69.3% inhibition at concentration of 1 μg/ml (IC(50)=0.86 μg/ml).