US EPA

1453324 

Journal Article 

Enhanced Production of Ganoderic Acids and Cytotoxicity of Ganoderma lucidum Using Solid-Medium Culture 

You, BJau; Lee, HZin; Chung, KRen; Lee, MH; Huang, MeiJ; Tien, Ni; Chan, CWei; Kuo, YH 

2012 

Yes 

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry
ISSN: 0916-8451
EISSN: 1347-6947 

76 

8 

1529-1534 

22878212 

10.1271/bbb.120270 

WOS:000308835000017 

Submerged cultures of Ganoderma lucidum are used to produce
fungal mycelium, which is used as a functional food and in the production of various
triterpenoids, including ganoderic acids (GAs). Specific culture approaches that produce fungal
mycelium with high levels of GAs and good biological activity are critical in the functional food
industry. In this study, a solid-medium culture approach to producing mycelium was compared to
the submerged culture system. Production of GAs, biomass, intracellular polysaccharides, and
cytotoxicity of the cultured mycelium were compared as between solid and submerged culture.
Growing G. lucidum strains on solid potato dextrose agar medium increased biomass, the production
of ganoderic acid 24 (lanosta-7,9(11), 24-trien-3 alpha-o1-26-oic acid), GAs, and total
intracellular polysaccharides as compared to fungi grown in submerged culture. Triterpenoid-
enriched methanol extracts of mycelium from solid-medium culture showed higher cytotoxicity than
those from submerged culture. The IC50 values of methanol extracts from solid-medium culture were
11.5, 8.6, and 9.9 times less than submerged culture on human lung cancer cells CH27, melanoma
cells M21, and oral cancer cells HSC-3 respectively. The squalene synthase and lanosterol
synthase coding genes had higher expression on the culture of solid potato dextrose medium. This
is the first report that solid-medium culture is able to increase GA production significantly as
compared to submerged culture and, in the process, produces much higher biological activity. This
indicates that it may be possible to enhance the production of GAs by implementing mycelium
culture on solid medium. 

Chinese herb; Ganoderma lucidum; ganoderic acid; triterpenoid; anticancer