Health & Environmental Research Online (HERO)


Print Feedback Export to File
2995974 
Journal Article 
Biochar-induced concomitant decrease in ammonia volatilization and increase in nitrogen use efficiency by wheat 
Mandal, S; Thangarajan, R; Bolan, NS; Sarkar, B; Khan, N; Ok, YS; Naidu, R 
2016 
Yes 
Chemosphere
ISSN: 0045-6535
EISSN: 1879-1298 
142 
120-127 
English 
25959224 
WOS:000365368400018 
Ammonia (NH3) volatilization is a major nitrogen (N) loss from the soil, especially under tropical conditions, NH3 volatilization results in low N use efficiency by crops. Incubation experiments were conducted using five soils (pH 5.5-9.0), three N sources such as, urea, di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), and poultry manure (PM) and two biochars such as, poultry litter biochar (PL-BC) and macadamia nut shell biochar (MS-BC). Ammonia volatilization was higher at soil with higher pH (pH exceeding 8) due to the increased hydroxyl ions. Among the N sources, urea recorded the highest NH3 volatilization (151.6mgkg(-1)soil) followed by PM (124.2mgkg(-1)soil) and DAP (99mgkg(-1)soil). Ammonia volatilization was reduced by approximately 70% with PL-BC and MS-BC. The decreased NH3 volatilization with biochars is attributed to multiple mechanisms such as NH3 adsorption/immobilization, and nitrification. Moreover, biochar increased wheat dry weight and N uptake as high as by 24.24% and 76.11%, respectively. This study unravels the immense potential of biochar in decreasing N volatilization from soils and simultaneously improving use efficiency by wheat. 
Ammonia volatilization; Biochar; Nitrogen dynamics; PH; Urea; Wheat