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HERO ID
3860591
Reference Type
Journal Article
Subtype
Review
Title
Patellofemoral pain in athletes
Author(s)
Petersen, W; Rembitzki, I; Liebau, C
Year
2017
Volume
8
Page Numbers
143-154
Language
English
PMID
28652829
DOI
10.2147/OAJSM.S133406
Abstract
Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is a frequent cause of anterior knee pain in athletes, which affects patients with and without structural patellofemoral joint (PFJ) damage. Most younger patients do not have any structural changes to the PFJ, such as an increased Q angle and a cartilage damage. This clinical entity is known as patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Older patients usually present with signs of patellofemoral osteoarthritis (PFOA). A key factor in PFPS development is dynamic valgus of the lower extremity, which leads to lateral patellar maltracking. Causes of dynamic valgus include weak hip muscles and rearfoot eversion with pes pronatus valgus. These factors can also be observed in patients with PFOA. The available evidence suggests that patients with PFP are best managed with a tailored, multimodal, nonoperative treatment program that includes short-term pain relief with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), passive correction of patellar maltracking with medially directed tape or braces, correction of the dynamic valgus with exercise programs that target the muscles of the lower extremity, hip, and trunk, and the use of foot orthoses in patients with additional foot abnormalities.
Tags
PFAS
•
Additional PFAS (formerly XAgency)
•
^Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
PFPeS (2706-91-4)
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PFPeS
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