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25108 
Journal Article 
Human exposure to volatile organic compounds in household tap water: The indoor inhalation pathway 
Mckone, TE 
1987 
1 
Environmental Science & Technology
ISSN: 0013-936X
EISSN: 1520-5851 
AMER CHEMICAL SOC 
WASHINGTON 
21 
12 
1194-1201 
English 
WOS:A1987L063200013 
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This paper addresses the quantification of human exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOC’s) as a result of mass transfer from tap water to indoor air. A three-compartment model is developed and used to simulate the 24-h concentration profile within the shower, bathroom, and remaining household volumes of a dwelling. Mass transfers from water to air are derived from measured data for radon and adjusted to account for the difference in mass-transfer properties for VOC’s. A preliminary data base for household parameters is used to calculate a range of concentrations and human exposures in U.S. dwellings. The model is used to estimate exposure factors for seven compounds—chloroform, ethylene dibromide, dibromochloropropane, methylchloroform, perchloroethylene, trichloroethylene, and carbon tetrachloride. The calculated ratio of indoor-air exposure to tap water concentration is compared to measured values for one of the compounds, chloroform. A sensitivity analysis is used to identify important parameters. 
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