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4241015 
Journal Article 
Disparities in distribution of particulate matter emission sources by race and poverty status 
Mikati, I; Benson, AF; Luben, TJ; Sacks, JD; Richmond-Bryant, J 
2018 
Yes 
American Journal of Public Health
ISSN: 0090-0036
EISSN: 1541-0048 
AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC 
WASHINGTON 
2018 
e1-e6 
English 
is supplemented by 4241047 Supplement:
OBJECTIVES: To quantify nationwide disparities in the location of particulate matter (PM)-emitting facilities by the characteristics of the surrounding residential population and to illustrate various spatial scales at which to consider such disparities.

METHODS: We assigned facilities emitting PM in the 2011 National Emissions Inventory to nearby block groups across the 2009 to 2013 American Community Survey population. We calculated the burden from these emissions for racial/ethnic groups and by poverty status. We quantified disparities nationally and for each state and county in the country.

RESULTS: For PM of 2.5 micrometers in diameter or less, those in poverty had 1.35 times higher burden than did the overall population, and non-Whites had 1.28 times higher burden. Blacks, specifically, had 1.54 times higher burden than did the overall population. These patterns were relatively unaffected by sensitivity analyses, and disparities held not only nationally but within most states and counties as well.

CONCLUSIONS: Disparities in burden from PM-emitting facilities exist at multiple geographic scales. Disparities for Blacks are more pronounced than are disparities on the basis of poverty status. Strictly socioeconomic considerations may be insufficient to reduce PM burdens equitably across populations. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print February 22, 2018: e1-e6. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2017.304297). 
NAAQS
• ISA-PM (2019)
     1st Draft
          Chapter 12
     In Scope
          At-risk
     Final ISA
          Chapter 12
• ISA – PM Supplement (2022)
     Cited References
• Litsearch – PM ISA Supplement 2021
     Pubmed iCite citation search (April 2021 BR)
          PM2.5 Cardiovascular and Mortality Epi Search
               Results
          Race and SES Search
               2019 PM ISA Seed
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          Merged search results (location and date exclusion applied)
               In Scope