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HERO ID
55625
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Health effects of subchronic exposure to environmental levels of diesel exhaust
Author(s)
Reed, MD; Gigliotti, AP; McDonald, JD; Seagrave, JC; Seilkop, SK; Mauderly, JL
Year
2004
Is Peer Reviewed?
Yes
Journal
Inhalation Toxicology
ISSN:
0895-8378
EISSN:
1091-7691
Volume
16
Issue
4
Page Numbers
177-193
Language
English
PMID
15204765
DOI
10.1080/08958370490277146
Web of Science Id
WOS:000220146800001
Abstract
Diesel exhaust is a public health concern and contributor to both ambient and occupational air pollution. As part of a general health assessment of multiple anthropogenic source emissions conducted by the National Environmental Respiratory Center (NERC), a series of health assays was conducted on rats and mice exposed to environmentally relevant levels of diesel exhaust. This article summarizes the study design and exposures, and reports findings on several general indicators of toxicity and carcinogenic potential. Diesel exhaust was generated from a commonly used 2000 model 5.9-L, 6-cylinder turbo diesel engine operated on a variable-load heavy-duty test cycle burning national average certification fuel. Animals were exposed to clean air (control) or four dilutions of whole emissions based on particulate matter concentration (30, 100, 300, and 1000 Ág/m3). Male and female F344 rats and A/J mice were exposed by whole-body inhalation 6 h/day, 7 days/wk, for either 1 wk or 6 mo. Exposures were characterized in detail. Effects of exposure on clinical observations, body and organ weights, serum chemistry, hematology, histopathology, bronchoalveolar lavage, and serum clotting factors were mild. Significant exposure-related effects occurring in both male and female rats included decreases in serum cholesterol and clotting Factor VII and slight increases in serum gamma-glutamyl transferase. Several other responses met screening criteria for significant exposure effects but were not consistent between genders or exposure times and were not corroborated by related parameters. Carcinogenic potential as determined by micronucleated reticulocyte counts and proliferation of adenomas in A/J mice were unaffected by 6 mo of exposure. Parallel studies demonstrated effects on cardiac function and resistance to viral infection; however, the results reported here show few and only modest health hazards from subchronic or shorter exposures to realistic concentrations of contemporary diesel emissions.
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•
ISA-PM (2009 Final Project Page)
2009 Final
•
ISA-PM (2019)
1st Draft
Chapter 10
Final ISA
Chapter 10
•
MSA-Multipollutant Exposure Metric Review
Original Lit Search April 2013
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