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HERO ID
787068
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Ecotoxicological study of arsenic and lead contaminated soils in former orchards at the Hanford site, USA
Author(s)
Delistraty, D; Yokel, J
Year
2014
Is Peer Reviewed?
Yes
Journal
Environmental Toxicology
ISSN:
1520-4081
EISSN:
1522-7278
Volume
29
Issue
1
Page Numbers
10-20
Language
English
PMID
21922631
DOI
10.1002/tox.20768
Web of Science Id
WOS:000328545400002
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess ecotoxicity of former orchard soils contaminated with lead arsenate pesticides at the Hanford Site in Washington state (USA). Surface soil, plant, and invertebrate samples were collected from 11 sites in former orchard areas. Mean (standard deviation [SD]) for As and Pb in soil were 39.5 (40.6) and 208 (142) mg/kg dry wt, respectively (n = 11). These concentrations exceeded Hanford background levels but were similar to orchard soils elsewhere. In our study, As and Pb soil concentrations were positively and significantly correlated (r = 0.87, Bonferroni P < 0.05). Speciation of total inorganic As in soil (n = 6) demonstrated that As+5 was the dominant form (>99%). Mean (SD) for As and Pb in cheatgrass were 3.9 (7.9) and 12.4 (20.0) mg/kg dry wt, respectively (n = 11), while mean (SD) for As and Pb in darkling beetles were 5.4 (2.6) and 3.9 (3.0) mg/kg dry wt, respectively (n = 8). Linear regressions were constructed to estimate soil to cheatgrass and soil to darkling beetle uptake for As and Pb. These were significant (Bonferroni P < 0.05) only for cheatgrass versus soil (As) and darkling beetle versus soil (Pb). Standardized lettuce seedling and earthworm bioassays were performed with a subset of soil samples (n = 6). No significant effects (P > 0.05) were observed in lettuce survival or growth nor in earthworm survival or sublethal effects. Based on these bioassays, unbounded no observed effect concentrations (NOECs) in soil for As and Pb were 128 and 390 mg/kg dry wt, respectively. However, our range of soil concentrations generally overlapped a set of ecotoxicological benchmarks reported in the literature. Given uncertainty and limited sampling related to our NOECs, as well as uncertainty in generic benchmarks from the literature, further study is needed to refine characterization of As and Pb ecotoxicity in former orchard soils at the Hanford Site.
Keywords
arsenic; lead; lead arsenate; pesticides; orchard; soil; Hanford Site; ecotoxicity
Tags
IRIS
•
Arsenic Hazard ID
1. Initial Lit Search
PubMed
PubMed
Considered New
PubMed
WOS
WOS
ToxNet
Excluded
WOS
ToxNet
Excluded
2. Lit Search Updates through Oct 2015
PubMed
WOS
ToxNet
Considered
4. Considered through Oct 2015
6. Cluster Filter through Oct 2015
•
Arsenic (Inorganic)
1. Literature
PubMed
Lit search updates through Oct 2015
NAAQS
•
ISA-Lead (2013 Final Project Page)
Considered
Cited
1st Draft
2nd Draft
3rd Draft
Final
Eco/Welfare
Terrestrial Effects
•
ISA - Lead (2024 Final Project Page)
Included in External Review Draft
Appendix 11 (Ecological Effects)
Included in Final Draft
Appendix 11 (Ecological Effects)
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