Jump to main content
US EPA
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Search
Search
Main menu
Environmental Topics
Laws & Regulations
About EPA
Health & Environmental Research Online (HERO)
Contact Us
Print
Feedback
Export to File
Search:
This record has one attached file:
Add More Files
Attach File(s):
Display Name for File*:
Save
Citation
Tags
HERO ID
3859276
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Biotransformation of 6:2 polyfluoroalkyl phosphates (6:2 PAPs): Effects of degradative bacteria and co-substrates
Author(s)
Lewis, M; Kim, MH; Liu, EJ; Wang, N; Chu, KH
Year
2016
Is Peer Reviewed?
Yes
Journal
Journal of Hazardous Materials
ISSN:
0304-3894
EISSN:
1873-3336
Publisher
Elsevier
Volume
320
Issue
Elsevier
Page Numbers
479-486
Language
English
PMID
27585280
DOI
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.08.036
Web of Science Id
WOS:000385600700051
URL
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1827926010?accountid=171501
Exit
Abstract
Polyfluoroalkyl phosphates (PAPs), a group of fluorotelomer alcohol (FTOH)-based surfactants commonly used in water- and grease-proof food contact paper, have been suggested as a direct source of human exposure to health-concerned perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs). This study investigated factors affecting biotranformation of 6:2 polyfluoroalkyl phosphates (6:2 PAPs) by three known FTOH-degrading Pseudomonas strains (Pseudomonas butanovora, P. oleovorans, and P. fluorescens DSM 8341) under different co-substrate conditions and compared to that by activated sludge samples. The three pure strains transformed 6:2 PAPs into eight different per- and poly-fluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and/or PFCA precursors. P. fluorescens DSM 8341 produced 5:2 sFTOH [CF3(CF2)4CH(OH)CH3] and P. oleovorans produced 5:2 ketone [CF3(CF2)4C(O)CH3] as the primary transformation product, respectively, with citrate having a minimal impact on the transformation. P. butanovora with lactate produced more diverse transformation products than those by any two strains. Activated sludge was more efficient at transforming 6:2 PAPs and produced more transformation products including PFHpA [CF3(CF2)5COOH] and PFPeA [CF3(CF2)3COOH], with 5:2 sFTOH as the most abundant product on day 30. The abundance of the alkane hydroxylase (alkB) gene related to alkane oxidation, the changes of total microbial population as well as their community structure in activated sludge during 6:2 PAPs biotransformation were also investigated.
Keywords
AlkB Enzymes/genetics; Biotransformation; Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated/metabolism; Microbial Consortia; Phosphates/metabolism; Pseudomonas fluorescens/isolation & purification/metabolism; Pseudomonas oleovorans/isolation & purification/metabolism; Sewage/microbiology; 6:2 Polyfluoroalkyl phosphates; Enzyme inducers; Pseudomona butanovora; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Real-time t-RFLP
Tags
PFAS
•
6:2/8:2 diPAP
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
Screening Results
Excluded/Not on Topic
•
6:2 diPAP
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
Screening Results
Excluded/Not on Topic
•
Additional PFAS (formerly XAgency)
•
FtOH 6:2
Screening Results
Excluded/Not on Topic
•
^Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
PFHpA (375-85-9)
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
PFPeA (2706-90-3)
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
FtOH 6:2 (647-42-7)
Literature Search
Pubmed
6:2 diPAP (57677-95-9)
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
6:2/8:2 diPAP (943913-15-3)
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
•
PFAS 150
Literature Search Update December 2020
PubMed
WOS
Literature Search August 2019
PubMed
Web of Science
Perfluoroheptanoic acid
Perfluoropentanoic acid
•
PFAS Universe
Data Source
Web of Science
Pubmed
Perfluoroheptanoate
Perfluoroheptanoic acid
Perfluorohexadecanoic acid
Perfluoropentanoate
Perfluoropentanoic acid
•
PFHpA
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
Screening Results
Excluded/Not on Topic
•
PFPeA
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
Screening Results
Excluded/Not on Topic
Home
Learn about HERO
Using HERO
Search HERO
Projects in HERO
Risk Assessment
Transparency & Integrity