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HERO ID
3858566
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Sorption of perfluorinated compounds onto different types of sewage sludge and assessment of its importance during wastewater treatment
Author(s)
Arvaniti, OS; Andersen, HR; Thomaidis, NS; Stasinakis, AS
Year
2014
Is Peer Reviewed?
Yes
Journal
Chemosphere
ISSN:
0045-6535
EISSN:
1879-1298
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Volume
111
Page Numbers
405-411
Language
English
PMID
24997945
DOI
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.087
Web of Science Id
WOS:000339601600054
Abstract
The distribution coefficient (Kd) and the organic carbon distribution coefficient (KOC) were determined for four Perfluorinated Compounds (PFCs) to three different types of sludge taken from a conventional Sewage Treatment Plant (STP). Batch experiments were performed in six different environmental relevant concentrations (200ngL(-1)to 5μgL(-1)) containing 1gL(-1) sludge. Kd values ranged from 330 to 6015, 329 to 17432 and 162 to 11770Lkg(-1) for primary, secondary and digested sludge, respectively. The effects of solution's pH, ionic strength and cation types on PFCs sorption were also evaluated. Sorption capacities of PFCs significantly decreased with increased pH values from 6 to 8. Furthermore, the divalent cation (Ca(2+)) enhanced PFCs sorption to a higher degree in comparison with the monovalent cation (Na(+)) at the same ionic strength. The obtained Kd values were applied to estimate the sorbed fractions of each PFC in different stages of a typical STP and to calculate their removal through treated wastewater and sludge. In primary settling tank, the predicted sorbed fractions ranged from 3% for Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) to 55% for Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUdA), while in activated sludge tank and anaerobic digester sorption was more than 50% for all target compounds. Almost 86% of initial PFOA load is expected to be detected in treated wastewater; while Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), PFUdA and Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) can be significantly removed (>49%) via sorption to primary and excess secondary sludge. In anaerobic digester, the major part (>76%) of target PFCs is expected to be sorbed to sludge, while almost 3% of initial PFOA load will be detected in sludge leachates.
Keywords
Fate; Perfluorochemicals; Sewage treatment; Sludge; Sorption
Tags
PFAS
•
Additional PFAS (formerly XAgency)
•
Expanded PFAS SEM (formerly PFAS 430)
Litsearch: September 2019
PubMed
Not prioritized for screening
Perfluorooctane
Potassium perfluorooctanoate
Sodium perfluorooctanoate
•
^Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
PFUnA (2058-94-8)
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
PFDA (335-76-2)
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
•
PFAS 150
Literature Search Update December 2020
PubMed
Literature Search August 2019
PubMed
Not prioritized for screening
Ammonium perfluorooctanoate
Perfluorinated compounds
Perfluorodecanoic acid
Perfluorooctane
Perfluorooctanesulfonate
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid
Perfluorooctanoic acid
Perfluoroundecanoic acid
•
PFBA
Protocol References
•
PFDA
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
Scopus: April 2021
Screening Results
Excluded/Not on Topic
Title and Abstract Screening
Excluded
Literature Searches (through April 2023 update and post-public comment/peer review)
Title & Abstract Screening
Excluded
•
PFOA (335-67-1) and PFOS (1763-23-1)
Literature Search Update (2013-2019)
PubMed
WOS
•
PFUnA
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
Screening Results
Excluded/Not on Topic
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