Journal Article
Temporal trends of perfluoroalkane sulfonic acids and their sulfonamide-based precursors in herring from the Swedish west coast 1991-2011 including isomer-specific considerations
Ullah, S; Huber, S; Bignert, A; Berger, Urs
Environment International
ISSN: 0160-4120
EISSN: 1873-6750
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
A method was developed for simultaneous analysis of perfluoroalkane sulfonic acids (PFSAs) and their sulfonamide-based precursors (perfluoroalkane sulfonamidoacetic acids (FASAAs), sulfonamides (FASAs), and sulfonamidoethanols (FASEs)) in fish muscle. Extraction was performed with acetonitrile followed by a clean-up and fractionation step and instrumental analysis by UPLC/MS/MS and GC/MS. Time trends of PFSAs and their precursors in herring muscle samples originating from the Kattegat at the west coast of Sweden were investigated covering the years 1991-2011. The following analytes were detected, all with decreasing or unchanged trends between 1991 and 2011: Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS, below the method detection limit (
Food Contamination; Isomerism; Muscle, Skeletal; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Index Medicus; Humans; Sweden; Alkanesulfonic Acids; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Environmental Monitoring; Liver; Fluorocarbons; Time; Fishes; Animals; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Sulfonamides
