US EPA

3856851 

Book/Book Chapter 

Toxicology data for alternative "short-chain" fluorinated substances 

Buck, RC 

2015 

Humana 

Cham, Switzerland 

Toxicological effects of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances 

451-477 

English 

10.1007/978-3-319-15518-0_17 

WOS:000364811700018 

is a chapter of 3980931 Toxicological effects of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances

Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been manufactured and widely used since the 1950s in numerous industrial and consumer applications. However, various perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), which have been manufactured and sold themselves and are impurities and breakdown products from numerous commercial per- and poly-fluoroalkyl surfactant and polymeric products, have been found widely in the environment. Concerns about the potential environmental impact of "long-chain" PFAAs has led to a substantial phase out of production of PFOS and PFOA and related compounds. Manufacturers have moved to production of alternative products which cannot be transformed in to long-chain PFAAs. This chapter provides an overview of available toxicology data for alternative fluorinated technologies including: short-chain fluorotelomer, short-chain electrochemical fluorination, perfluoropolyether, fluorinated oxetane, per- and poly-fluoroalkyl ether carboxylates and short-chain perfluoroalkyl acids. 

Perfluoroalkyl; Polyfluoroalkyl; Acids; Toxicology; Alternative; Short-chain; Fluorotelomer; Electrochemical fluorination; Perfluoropolyether; Oxetane 

DeWitt, JC 

Molecular and Integrative Toxicology 

9783319155173