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4234858 
Journal Article 
Interactions of perfluoroalkyl substances with a phospholipid bilayer studied by neutron reflectometry 
Nouhi, Y; Ahrens, L; Kabayama, HH; Hughes, NAV; Campana, M; Gutfreund, P; Palsson, GK; Vorobiev, AA; Hellsing, MS 
2018 
Yes 
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
ISSN: 0021-9797
EISSN: 1095-7103 
Academic Press Inc. 
511 
474-481 
English 
The interactions between perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and a phospholipid bilayer (1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) were investigated at the molecular level using neutron reflectometry. Representative PFASs with different chain length and functional groups were selected in this study including: perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), perfluorohexanoate (PFHxA), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorononanoate (PFNA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), and perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA). All PFASs were found to interact with the bilayer by incorporation, indicating PFAS ability to accumulate once ingested or taken up by organisms. The interactions were observed to increase with chain length and vary with the functional group as SO2NH2(FOSA)>SO2O-(PFOS)>COO-(PFNA). The PFAS hydrophobicity, which is strongly correlated with perfluorocarbon chain length, was found to strongly influence the interactions. Longer chain PFASs showed higher tendency to penetrate into the bilayer compared to the short-chain compounds. The incorporated PFASs could for all substances but one (PFNA) be removed from the lipid membrane by gentle rinsing with water (2mLmin-1). Although short-chain PFASs have been suggested to be the potentially less bioaccumulative alternative, we found that in high enough concentrations they can also disturb the bilayer. The roughness and disorder of the bilayer was observed to increase as the concentration of PFASs increased (in particular for the high concentrations of short-chain substances i.e. PFHxA and PFBS), which can be an indication of aggregation of PFASs in the bilayer. 
PFSAs; Neutron reflectometry 
PFAS
• Additional PFAS (formerly XAgency)
     Literature Search November 2019
          Other Sources
               TEDX
     Screened Studies
          Excluded
               Exclude (TIAB)
• Expanded PFAS SEM (formerly PFAS 430)
     Litsearch: September 2019
          PubMed
          Other Sources
               PFAS TOX Database
     Screened Studies
          Excluded
               Exclude (TIAB)
     Not prioritized for screening
     Perfluorooctane
• PFAS 150
     Literature Search Update December 2020
          PubMed
     Literature Search August 2019
          PubMed
          Other sources
               PFAS TOX Database
     Screened Studies
          Supplemental
     Perfluorobutanesulfonate
     Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid
     Perfluorobutanesulfonyl fluoride
     Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
     Perfluorononanoic acid
     Perfluorooctane
     Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid
• PFAS Universe
     Data Source
          Web of Science
          Pubmed
     Perfluorobutane
     Perfluorobutanesulfonate
     Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid
     Perfluorohexane
     Perfluorohexanesulfonate
     Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
     Perfluorohexanoate
     Perfluorohexanoic acid
     Perfluorononanoate
     Perfluorooctane
     Perfluorooctanesulfonamide
     Perfluorooctanesulfonate
     Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid
     Sodium perfluorohexanesulfonate
• PFBS
          Excluded/Not on Topic
     Search
          PubMed
          WOS
     Excluded
          PubMed
          WOS
     Scopus: April 2021
• PFHxA
     LitSearch Update: February 2018
          PubMed
          WoS
          Term Set 2: Initial Search
               PubMed
               WoS
     Literature Search
          Pubmed
          WOS
     Scopus: April 2021
     Title and Abstract Screening
          Excluded
               Not relevant to PECO
     Results pulled from Pelch database May 2022
     HAWC
• PFHxS
     Database searches
          Pubmed
          Toxline
          WOS
          Scopus
          Pelch PFAS SEM
     Excluded
          TiAb
• PFNA
     Litsearch Update 2017-2018
          PFAS Untag
     PFNA Literature Search pre-2019
          WOS
     Literature Search
          Pubmed
          WOS
     PFNA May 2019 Update
          Pubmed
          Web of Science
     Title and Abstract Screening
          Full Text Screening
          Tagged as Supplemental
               Mechanistic or MOA
               ADME
               In silico or modeling
     June 2022 Pelch Database
OW - HHRAB
• PFOA (335-67-1) and PFOS (1763-23-1)
     Literature Search Update (2013-2019)
          PubMed
          WOS