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HERO ID
1322160
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Chemical monitoring and temporal variation in levels of endocrine disrupting chemicals (priority phenols and phthalate esters) from selected wastewater treatment plant and freshwater systems in Republic of South Africa
Author(s)
Olujimi, OO; Fatoki, OS; Odendaal, JP; Daso, AP
Year
2012
Is Peer Reviewed?
1
Journal
Microchemical Journal
ISSN:
0026-265X
EISSN:
1095-9149
Publisher
ELSEVIER
Location
AMSTERDAM
Volume
101
Page Numbers
11-23
Language
English
DOI
10.1016/j.microc.2011.09.011
Web of Science Id
WOS:000300746900003
URL
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-83555164973&doi=10.1016%2fj.microc.2011.09.011&partnerID=40&md5=16f65e9fd7492792d8745f05360d032e
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Abstract
This study presents a quantitative estimation of the simultaneous analysis of 11 priority phenols and six phthalate esters in surface water from five rivers collected from the upstream and downstream of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) that emptied their final effluents into the rivers. In addition, influents and effluents from the WWTPs were collected on a quarterly basis between April 2010 and March 2011. Kirstenbosch Botanical Garden stream was used as a control site. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was used for identification and quantification using N-methyl-N-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA). Chemical analysis by GC–MS revealed the presence of DEP, POH, PCP, DEHP, DBP, BBP, 2,4-DMP and 2-NP as the most abundant congeners. Zandvliet WWTP showed to be the most polluted as it receives wastewater from the largest informal settlement in the city. Generally, concentration ranged from below detection limit (LOD) for most of the congeners to 34.520 mg l− 1 for DBP at Zandvliet WWTP. Also, statistical analysis showed correlation between levels of analytes in effluent and downstream water samples, an indication of pollution from the WWTP. From the monitoring exercise, data obtained for most compounds analyzed showed that the congeners are effectively removed (approximately 80 to 100%) with the exception of 2-nitro phenol that was poorly removed. The production of 2,4-DMP is also noteworthy in the final effluent of all the investigated treatment plants.
Keywords
Phenol; Phthalates; Removal efficiency; Solid-phase extraction (SPE); Seasonal variation; Derivatization; Rivers; Wastewater treatment plants
Tags
IRIS
•
BBP (Butyl benzyl phthalate)
Literature Search
LitSearch Dec 2012
WOS
Excluded: No Primary Data on Health Effects
Exposure levels
•
Dibutyl Phthalate (DBP)
Database Searches
Web of Science
LitSearch Nov 2012
WOS
Merged reference set
LitSearch Dec 2012 - June 2013
Web of Science
Excluded: No Primary Data on Health Effects
Exposure levels
•
Diethyl phthalate (DEP)
Database searches
Initial Litsearch
Web of Science
Merged reference set
Aug 2013 update
Web of Science
Jan 2020 update
Web of Science
New for this project
Excluded: No Primary Data on Health Effects
Exposure levels
Fate and transport
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