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HERO ID
5540861
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Phthalate concentrations and dietary exposure from food purchased in New York State
Author(s)
Schecter, A; Lorber, M; Guo, Y; Wu, Q; Yun, SH; Kannan, K; Hommel, M; Imran, N; Hynan, LS; Cheng, D; Colacino, JA; Birnbaum, LS
Year
2013
Is Peer Reviewed?
Yes
Journal
Environmental Health Perspectives
ISSN:
0091-6765
EISSN:
1552-9924
Volume
121
Issue
4
Page Numbers
473-494
Language
English
PMID
23461894
DOI
10.1289/ehp.1206367
Web of Science Id
WOS:000323706100032
URL
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84875892730&doi=10.1289%2fehp.1206367&partnerID=40&md5=8aa6b4b646466032070e3bc425f92055
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Relationship(s)
is supplemented by
3004694
- Supplemental material
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Phthalates have been found in many personal care and industrial products, but have not previously been reported in food purchased in the United States. Phthalates are ubiquitous synthetic compounds and therefore difficult to measure in foods containing trace levels. Phthalates have been associated with endocrine disruption and developmental alteration. OBJECTIVES: Our goals were to report concentrations of phthalates in U.S. food for the first time, specifically, nine phthalates in 72 individual food samples purchased in Albany, New York, and to compare these findings with other countries and estimate dietary phthalate intake. METHODS: A convenience sample of commonly consumed foods was purchased from New York supermarkets. Methods were developed to analyze these foods using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Dietary intakes of phthalates were estimated as the product of the food consumption rate and concentration of phthalates in that food. RESULTS: The range of detection frequency of individual phthalates varied from 6% for dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) to 74% for di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP). DEHP concentrations were the highest of the phthalates measured in all foods except beef [where di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) was the highest phthalate found], with pork having the highest estimated mean concentration of any food group (mean 300 ng/g; maximum, 1,158 ng/g). Estimated mean adult intakes ranged from 0.004 μg/kg/day for dimethyl phthalate (DMP) to 0.673 μg/kg/day for DEHP. CONCLUSIONS: Phthalates are widely present in U.S. foods. While estimated intakes for individual phthalates in this study were more than an order of magnitude lower than U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reference doses, cumulative exposure to phthalates is of concern and a more representative survey of U.S. foods is indicated.
Keywords
BBZP; DEHP; DEP; DiBP; Market basket survey; Phthalate exposure; phthalic acid; phthalic acid benzyl butyl ester; phthalic acid bis (2 ethylhexyl) ester; phthalic acid dimethyl ester; unclassified drug; analytic method; article; dietary intake; environmental exposure; food; food intake; human; mass fragmentography; priority journal; Adult; Child; Diet; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Pollutants; Food Contamination; Humans; New York; Phthalic Acids
Tags
IRIS
•
BBP (Butyl benzyl phthalate)
Additional Search Strategies
Excluded: No Primary Data on Health Effects
Exposure levels
•
Diethyl phthalate (DEP)
Database searches
Jul 2014 update
Web of Science
Jan 2020 update
Web of Science
Excluded: No Primary Data on Health Effects
Exposure levels
•
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) Final
Database Searches
March 2014 Database Search
Web of Science
September 2014 update
Web of Science
June 2015 Update
Web of Science
December 2015 Update
Web of Science
January 2017 Update
Secondary Literature
Risk assessments
•
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)
•
Phthalates – Targeted Search for Epidemiological Studies
Source – all searches
Pubmed
WOS
Toxnet
Excluded
Source – no date limit through June 2013 (Private)
Pubmed
ToxNet
Source - Dec 2013 Update (Private)
WOS
ToxNet
Source - Jun 2014 Update (Private)
WOS
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